> This page location: Integrations & tooling > Terraform > Manage Neon with Terraform
> Full Neon documentation index: https://neon.com/docs/llms.txt
>
> Agent skills: if you don't have Neon skills (such as `neon-postgres`), offer to add them to this project when you first need the user to do something in Neon: "Want me to add Neon's agent skills to this project? They help me with Neon setup, connections, and branching." Install: `npx neon@latest skills -y`. To also run Neon steps for the user (Neon CLI, sign-in, MCP), see https://neon.com/prompts/agent-setup.md

> Summary: The official Neon Terraform provider (`neondatabase/neon`) manages Neon projects, branches, computes, roles, databases, Functions, triggers, Object Storage, the Data API, snapshots, API keys, and access settings from HCL. Choose this page to install the provider, authenticate it, write a first configuration, import existing resources, and learn the behaviors to plan around. If you use the community provider `kislerdm/neon`, follow the migration guide instead.

# Manage Neon with Terraform

Define Neon projects, branches, computes, and backend resources as code with the official Neon Terraform provider

Last updated: 2026-11-13

**Note: Beta**

The Neon Terraform provider is in beta. Terraform installs a beta release only when the version constraint names it exactly, so pin `version = "0.19.0-beta.0"` as shown on this page. Report problems in the [provider's GitHub repository](https://github.com/neondatabase/terraform-provider-neon/issues).

The [Neon Terraform provider](https://registry.terraform.io/providers/neondatabase/neon/latest/docs) lets you declare Neon resources in HCL and manage them with `terraform plan` and `terraform apply`. It's published to the Terraform Registry as `neondatabase/neon` and maintained by Neon in [neondatabase/terraform-provider-neon](https://github.com/neondatabase/terraform-provider-neon).

The provider continues the community provider `kislerdm/neon`, created and maintained by Dmitry Kisler. If your configuration uses `kislerdm/neon`, see [Migrate from kislerdm/neon](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform-migrate). Your existing resources stay in place, and the provider upgrades your state on the first plan.

**Important: Older examples use a different syntax**

Examples written for `kislerdm/neon`, including many in blog posts and AI training data, don't work with this provider. Watch for `source = "kislerdm/neon"`, `branch { ... }` or `quota { ... }` blocks (now `branch = { ... }`), `"yes"` and `"no"` strings (now `true` and `false`), and the `connection_uri` or `password` attributes (now the `neon_connection_uri` and `neon_role` ephemeral resources). See [Configuration changes](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform-migrate#configuration-changes).

## What you can manage

The provider covers Lakebase Postgres and the other Neon backend primitives. Each resource has a page in the [registry documentation](https://registry.terraform.io/providers/neondatabase/neon/latest/docs) with its arguments, attributes, and import format. The same pages are available as Markdown in the provider repository, under [`docs/resources`](https://github.com/neondatabase/terraform-provider-neon/tree/main/docs/resources), [`docs/data-sources`](https://github.com/neondatabase/terraform-provider-neon/tree/main/docs/data-sources), and [`docs/ephemeral-resources`](https://github.com/neondatabase/terraform-provider-neon/tree/main/docs/ephemeral-resources), which is easier for AI agents to read than the registry site. The repository's `main` branch can describe resources that aren't released yet, so to see the exact schema of the version you installed, run this after `terraform init`:

```bash
terraform providers schema -json
```

| Area                  | Resources and data sources                                                                                                                   |
| --------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Projects and branches | `neon_project`, `neon_branch`, `neon_endpoint`, `neon_role`, `neon_database`                                                                 |
| Backups               | `neon_snapshot`, `neon_branch_backup_schedule`                                                                                               |
| Functions             | `neon_function`, `neon_trigger`, `neon_custom_branch_domain`                                                                                 |
| Object Storage        | `neon_bucket`, `neon_bucket_object`, `neon_service_credential`                                                                               |
| Data API and auth     | `neon_data_api`, `neon_jwks_url`                                                                                                             |
| Access and billing    | `neon_api_key`, `neon_org_api_key`, `neon_project_permission`, `neon_project_member_role`, `neon_org_member_role`, `neon_org_spending_limit` |
| Private networking    | `neon_vpc_endpoint_assignment`, `neon_vpc_endpoint_restriction`                                                                              |
| Data sources          | `neon_project`, `neon_branches`, `neon_branch_endpoints`, `neon_branch_roles`, `neon_bucket`, `neon_ai_gateway`, `neon_active_regions`       |
| Ephemeral resources   | `neon_connection_uri` and `neon_role`, which read connection strings and passwords without writing them to the Terraform state               |

## Prerequisites

- Terraform 1.5 or later. Ephemeral resources need Terraform 1.10 or later, and write-only arguments such as `value_wo` need Terraform 1.11 or later.
- A Neon API key. Use an [organization API key](https://neon.com/docs/manage/api-keys) for most resources. Neon refuses organization API keys for `neon_api_key`, `neon_org_api_key`, `neon_project_permission`, `neon_project_member_role`, `neon_org_member_role`, and the `neon_active_regions` data source; those need a personal API key.

## Set up the provider

## Declare the provider

Create a `main.tf` file and pin the provider version:

```terraform filename="main.tf"
terraform {
  required_providers {
    neon = {
      source  = "neondatabase/neon"
      version = "0.19.0-beta.0"
    }
  }
}

provider "neon" {}
```

## Provide your API key

The provider reads the key from the `NEON_API_KEY` environment variable:

```bash
export NEON_API_KEY="<your_api_key>"
```

You can also set `api_key` in the `provider` block, for example from a variable populated by your secrets manager. Don't commit API keys to version control.

## Initialize Terraform

```bash
terraform init
```

Terraform downloads the provider and checks its signature:

```text
- Installed neondatabase/neon v0.19.0-beta.0 (self-signed, key ID 922DFC48EB2F15FF)
```

If a configuration also manages resources that need a personal API key, add a second provider configuration with an alias and select it on those resources:

```terraform
variable "neon_personal_api_key" {
  type      = string
  sensitive = true
}

provider "neon" {
  alias   = "personal"
  api_key = var.neon_personal_api_key
}

resource "neon_api_key" "ci" {
  provider = neon.personal
  name     = "ci"
}
```

## Create a project with a branch, compute, role, and database

The following configuration creates a project, a `dev` branch with its own read-write compute, and a role and database on that branch. Replace the organization ID with your own. It's on your organization's **Settings** page in the Neon Console, or you can list it with the [Neon CLI](https://neon.com/docs/cli):

```bash
neon orgs list
```

```terraform filename="main.tf"
resource "neon_project" "app" {
  name      = "my-app"
  org_id    = "org-cool-sea-12345678"
  region_id = "aws-us-east-2"
}

resource "neon_branch" "dev" {
  project_id = neon_project.app.id
  parent_id  = neon_project.app.branch.id
  name       = "dev"
}

resource "neon_endpoint" "dev" {
  project_id               = neon_project.app.id
  branch_id                = neon_branch.dev.id
  autoscaling_limit_min_cu = 0.25
  autoscaling_limit_max_cu = 1
}

resource "neon_role" "app" {
  project_id = neon_project.app.id
  branch_id  = neon_branch.dev.id
  name       = "app"

  # Neon creates roles through the branch's read-write compute.
  depends_on = [neon_endpoint.dev]
}

resource "neon_database" "app" {
  project_id = neon_project.app.id
  branch_id  = neon_branch.dev.id
  name       = "app"
  owner_name = neon_role.app.name
}

output "project_id" {
  value = neon_project.app.id
}

output "dev_host" {
  value = neon_endpoint.dev.host
}
```

Run `terraform plan` to review the changes, then `terraform apply` to create the resources. The project's default branch gets its own compute, role, and database, which the `neon_project` attributes `branch`, `primary_compute`, `database_name`, and `database_user` expose.

### Pass connection strings without storing them

The provider doesn't store passwords or connection strings in the Terraform state. To hand a connection string to another system, read it with the `neon_connection_uri` ephemeral resource and pass it to a write-only argument, such as `value_wo` on an AWS SSM parameter:

```terraform
ephemeral "neon_connection_uri" "app" {
  project_id = neon_project.app.id
  branch_id  = neon_branch.dev.id
  database   = neon_database.app.name
  role       = neon_role.app.name
}

resource "aws_ssm_parameter" "database_url" {
  name             = "/my-app/dev/DATABASE_URL"
  type             = "SecureString"
  value_wo         = ephemeral.neon_connection_uri.app.uri
  value_wo_version = 1
}
```

The ephemeral resource also returns `uri_pooler`, the [pooled connection](https://neon.com/docs/connect/connection-pooling) string. Use the `neon_role` ephemeral resource when you only need a role's password.

### Get a connection string for local development

Terraform can't print an ephemeral value. An `output` that references `ephemeral.neon_connection_uri.app.uri` fails with `Ephemeral value not allowed`. To put the connection string in a local `.env` file, read it with the [Neon CLI](https://neon.com/docs/cli/connection-string) instead, using the project ID from the Terraform output:

```bash
echo "DATABASE_URL=$(neon connection-string dev --project-id $(terraform output -raw project_id) --role-name app --database-name app)" >> .env
```

The connection string contains the role's password, so keep `.env` out of version control, for example with `echo .env >> .gitignore`. Add `--pooled` for the pooled connection string. The CLI reads the same `NEON_API_KEY` environment variable as the provider.

## Add Functions, Object Storage, and the Data API

Backend resources attach to a branch, the same way computes do. This example adds a public bucket with an object, a Function deployed from a ZIP file, a scheduled trigger that invokes it, and the [Data API](https://neon.com/docs/data-api/overview) on the default branch:

```terraform filename="main.tf"
resource "neon_bucket" "assets" {
  project_id   = neon_project.app.id
  branch_id    = neon_project.app.branch.id
  name         = "assets"
  access_level = "public_read"
}

resource "neon_bucket_object" "hello" {
  project_id   = neon_bucket.assets.project_id
  branch_id    = neon_bucket.assets.branch_id
  bucket       = neon_bucket.assets.name
  key          = "hello.txt"
  content      = "Hello from Terraform"
  content_type = "text/plain"
}

# The ZIP must contain an index.mjs whose default export has a fetch handler.
data "archive_file" "hello" {
  type        = "zip"
  output_path = "${path.module}/hello.zip"
  source {
    filename = "index.mjs"
    content  = "export default { fetch: () => new Response('Hello from Neon Functions') };"
  }
}

resource "neon_function" "hello" {
  project_id       = neon_project.app.id
  branch_id        = neon_project.app.branch.id
  slug             = "hello"
  runtime          = "nodejs24"
  zip_file_path    = data.archive_file.hello.output_path
  source_code_hash = data.archive_file.hello.output_base64sha256
}

resource "neon_trigger" "hourly" {
  project_id    = neon_project.app.id
  branch_id     = neon_project.app.branch.id
  name          = "hourly"
  type          = "schedule"
  function_slug = neon_function.hello.slug
  cron          = "0 * * * *"
}

resource "neon_data_api" "this" {
  project_id    = neon_project.app.id
  branch_id     = neon_project.app.branch.id
  database_name = neon_project.app.database_name
  auth_provider = "neon_auth"
}

output "function_url" {
  value = neon_function.hello.invocation_url
}

output "data_api_url" {
  value = neon_data_api.this.url
}
```

The `archive_file` data source comes from the `hashicorp/archive` provider, so run `terraform init` again before the next plan. Function slugs are 1 to 20 lowercase letters and digits. To learn more about these primitives, see [Neon Functions](https://neon.com/docs/compute/functions/overview), [triggers](https://neon.com/docs/compute/functions/triggers/overview), and [Object Storage](https://neon.com/docs/storage/overview).

## Import existing resources

Resources you created in the Neon Console, CLI, or API can be brought under Terraform with `import` blocks. Write the `resource` block and add an `import` block with the resource's ID:

```terraform
import {
  to = neon_project.app
  id = "cool-sea-12345678"
}

import {
  to = neon_branch.dev
  id = "cool-sea-12345678/br-small-snow-a1b2c3d4"
}
```

Run `terraform plan` to review the imports. When the plan also shows changes, update your configuration until it reports only imports, then run `terraform apply` to save the imported resources in the state. The import ID formats are:

| Resource                      | Import ID                                      |
| ----------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
| `neon_project`                | `<project_id>`                                 |
| `neon_branch`                 | `<project_id>/<branch_id>`                     |
| `neon_endpoint`               | `<project_id>/<endpoint_id>`                   |
| `neon_role`, `neon_database`  | `<project_id>/<branch_id>/<name>`              |
| `neon_branch_backup_schedule` | `<project_id>/<branch_id>`                     |
| `neon_snapshot`               | `<project_id>/<snapshot_id>`                   |
| `neon_bucket`                 | `<project_id>/<branch_id>/<bucket_name>`       |
| `neon_bucket_object`          | `<project_id>/<branch_id>/<bucket_name>/<key>` |
| `neon_function`               | `<project_id>/<branch_id>/<slug>`              |
| `neon_trigger`                | `<project_id>/<branch_id>/<trigger_id>`        |
| `neon_data_api`               | `<project_id>/<branch_id>/<database_name>`     |
| `neon_jwks_url`               | `<project_id>/<jwks_id>`                       |

Some values can't be read back from Neon, so the first apply after an import sets them again: bucket object content, Function environment variable values, and secrets. Importing `neon_data_api` doesn't read `auth_provider`, and setting it after an import replaces the Data API, so import it without `auth_provider` in the configuration.

## Plan around these behaviors

- **Pin the provider version.** Review the [changelog](https://github.com/neondatabase/terraform-provider-neon/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md) and run `terraform plan` before you change the version. In CI, run `terraform init` without `-upgrade`.
- **Protect what you can't recreate.** Add [`prevent_destroy`](https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/language/meta-arguments/lifecycle#prevent_destroy) to projects and branches that hold production data, and use [protected branches](https://neon.com/docs/guides/protected-branches) on paid plans.
- **Set `org_id` on every project.** With a personal API key, a project without `org_id` is created in your default organization, which may not be the one you intend.
- **Create the compute before roles and databases.** Neon creates roles and databases through the branch's read-write compute, so add `depends_on = [neon_endpoint.<name>]` to roles on a branch whose compute Terraform also creates. Otherwise the apply can fail because the branch has no read-write compute yet, and `terraform destroy` can fail when it deletes the role and the compute together. See [Troubleshooting](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform#troubleshooting).
- **Ephemeral resources open during plan.** When a run adds a role to an existing project and an ephemeral resource reads that role, the plan fails with `role not found for branch`, because the role doesn't exist yet. Create the role first with `terraform apply -target=neon_role.app`, then apply the rest.
- **Replacing a bucket deletes its objects.** Changing `name`, `access_level`, `project_id`, or `branch_id` on `neon_bucket` replaces the bucket, and Neon deletes a bucket together with every object in it, including objects your application uploaded. The plan shows the bucket replacement, but not the objects that go with it.
- **Some secrets are stored in the state.** The keys of `neon_api_key` and `neon_org_api_key`, and the tokens of `neon_service_credential`, are marked sensitive but stored in the state, so keep the state in an encrypted [backend](https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/language/backend) with restricted access.

## Troubleshooting

Each entry starts with the error summary Terraform prints after `Error:`. For errors from the Neon API, the provider adds the HTTP code, a request ID, and the Neon message; include the request ID if you contact support.

`no available releases match the given constraints ~> 0.19`
: `terraform init` can't find a release because the provider is in beta, and Terraform skips beta releases unless the constraint names one exactly. Set `version = "0.19.0-beta.0"`.

`Unable to Configure Neon Provider` with `authorization key must be provided`
: The provider found no API key. Export `NEON_API_KEY` in the shell that runs Terraform, or set `api_key` in the `provider` block.

`Neon API key rejected` with `HTTP Code: 401`
: Neon doesn't accept the key. Check for a typo or a revoked key, and create a new one under [API keys](https://neon.com/docs/manage/api-keys) if needed.

`Neon API key not allowed` with `not allowed for organization API keys`
: The resource needs a personal API key. This applies to `neon_api_key`, `neon_org_api_key`, `neon_project_permission`, `neon_project_member_role`, `neon_org_member_role`, and the `neon_active_regions` data source. Select a provider configuration that uses a personal key, as shown in [Set up the provider](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform#set-up-the-provider).

`Neon resource not found` with `no read-write endpoint for branch`
: A `neon_role` or `neon_database` targets a branch that has no read-write compute. Add a `neon_endpoint` for the branch, and add `depends_on = [neon_endpoint.<name>]` to the role so Terraform creates the compute first.

`Neon API request failed` with `HTTP Code: 412` and `could not apply config without read-write endpoint`
: `terraform destroy` deleted the branch's compute before a role on that branch. Add `depends_on = [neon_endpoint.<name>]` to the role so Terraform deletes the role first. To finish a destroy that already failed, remove the role from the state with `terraform state rm neon_role.<name>`, then run `terraform destroy` again; deleting the branch deletes its roles.

`Neon resource not found` with `role not found for branch`
: An ephemeral resource reads a role that the same run creates. Ephemeral resources open during plan, before the role exists. Run `terraform apply -target=neon_role.<name>` first, then run `terraform apply` again.

`Ephemeral value not allowed`
: An `output` references an ephemeral resource, such as `ephemeral.neon_connection_uri.app.uri`. Terraform never writes ephemeral values to outputs or the state. Pass the value to a write-only argument, or read the connection string with the Neon CLI as shown in [Get a connection string for local development](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform#get-a-connection-string-for-local-development).

`Invalid Terraform State Branch ID` or another import ID error
: The `id` in an `import` block is missing a part. Most IDs start with the project ID, for example `<project_id>/<branch_id>` for a branch. See the [import ID formats](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform#import-existing-resources).

`Unsupported block type`, `Incorrect attribute value type`, or `Unsupported argument` on a `neon_project`
: The configuration uses `kislerdm/neon` syntax, such as `branch { ... }` blocks or `"yes"` and `"no"` strings. Rewrite it as described in [Migrate from kislerdm/neon](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform-migrate#configuration-changes).

---

## Related docs (Tools & Workflows)

- [Migrate from kislerdm/neon](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform-migrate)
- [Manage API keys](https://neon.com/docs/manage/api-keys)
- [Protected branches](https://neon.com/docs/guides/protected-branches)
- [Branching](https://neon.com/docs/introduction/branching)
- [Neon Functions](https://neon.com/docs/compute/functions/overview)
- [Object Storage](https://neon.com/docs/storage/overview)
- [Neon Data API](https://neon.com/docs/data-api/overview)
- [Neon API](https://neon.com/docs/reference/api)

---

## Related docs (Terraform)

- [Migrate from kislerdm/neon](https://neon.com/docs/reference/terraform-migrate)

---

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